MANAGE YOUR SIDE EFFECTS

 

Common Side Effects of Prescription Medications and How to Manage Them

Some of my patients will ask me, “does this medicine have side effects?” I will always answer them “every medicine you know has side effects, you just need to know what to do if they happen to you”. 

Prescription medications play a crucial role in managing various health conditions, but they often come with side effects. I’ve come to realize most dispensers and some doctors don't prepare their patients for possible side effects of medicines prescribed. Understanding these side effects and knowing how to manage them can enhance your overall treatment experience. In this blog post, we'll explore some of the most common side effects of prescription medications and provide tips on how to manage them effectively.

1. Nausea and Vomiting

Nausea and vomiting are common side effects of many prescription and over-the-counter medicines. They can be frustrating and reduce patient compliance, making it harder for people to stick to their treatment plans. Understanding how to manage these symptoms can make a big difference in your comfort and overall health. Let's explore some effective strategies to keep nausea and vomiting at bay.

Common Culprits:

• Antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin,...)

• Pain relievers (e.g., opioids)

• Antimalaria (Artmether + Lumefantrine)

• Chemotherapy drugs

Management Tips:

• Take with Food: Unless otherwise directed, taking medication with food can help reduce nausea.

• Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. Small sips of water, ginger tea, or clear broth can be soothing.

• Ginger: Consuming ginger in the form of tea, candies, or supplements may help alleviate nausea.

• Eat Small, Frequent Meals: Avoid large meals; instead, eat small, frequent meals throughout the day.

• Consult Your Doctor: If nausea persists, consult your doctor about alternative medications or additional treatments like anti-nausea medications.

2. Drowsiness and Fatigue

Nobody would want to take medicines that can make them miss their work or feel tired all day long; I know I wouldn't. Drowsiness and fatigue are common side effects of many medications, but they don't have to derail your day. There are better ways of taking medicines with the risk of these side effects. Let's explore how you can manage these symptoms and stay energized while still getting the benefits of your treatment.

Common Culprits:

• Antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, loratadine)

• Antidepressants (e.g., fluoxetine, amitriptyline,...)

• Anxiety medications (e.g., benzodiazepines)

Management Tips:

• Avoid Operating Heavy Machinery: Do not drive or operate heavy machinery if you feel drowsy.

• Take at Bedtime: If possible, take your medication at bedtime to minimize daytime drowsiness.

• Caffeine: Moderate caffeine intake may help combat fatigue, but avoid excessive amounts.

• Stay Active: Light exercise can boost energy levels and reduce feelings of fatigue.

• Consult Your Doctor: If drowsiness affects your daily activities, ask your doctor about adjusting your dosage or switching medications.

3. Dry Mouth

Dry mouth, also known as xerostomia, can be an annoying side effect of many medications. Not everyone is comfortable using lip balm every five minutes, especially men, so giving them medicines that can cause dry mouth without advising them on how to manage this situation isn't ideal.

Fortunately, there are effective strategies to manage dry mouth and improve your comfort. Let's dive into some practical tips to keep your mouth moist and your daily routine smooth.

Common Culprits:

• Antidepressants

• Antihistamines

• Acne medications ( e.g., isotretinon)

• Blood pressure medications (e.g., amlodipine, atenolol, lisinopril,...)

Management Tips:

• Stay Hydrated: Drink water frequently throughout the day.

• Chew Sugar-Free Gum: Chewing gum or sucking on sugar-free candies can stimulate saliva production.

• Use a Humidifier: Adding moisture to the air with a humidifier can help alleviate dry mouth symptoms.

• Avoid Alcohol and Tobacco: These substances can worsen dry mouth.

• Consult Your Doctor: Ask your doctor about saliva substitutes or medications that can help increase saliva production.

4. Constipation

Constipation is one of those common issues that many of us deal with but rarely talk about. It can be pretty uncomfortable and frustrating, but the good news is that it's usually manageable with a few lifestyle tweaks. Understanding how to prevent and treat constipation can make a big difference in your comfort and overall health.

Common Culprits:

• Opioids

• Antidepressants

• Iron supplements

Management Tips:

• Increase Fiber Intake: Eat high-fiber foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help keep your digestive system functioning properly.

• Exercise Regularly: Physical activity can help stimulate bowel movements.

• Over-the-Counter Laxatives: Use laxatives or stool softeners as directed by your doctor.

• Consult Your Doctor: If constipation persists, talk to your doctor about adjusting your medication or additional treatments.

5. Headaches

Headaches are a real pain, especially when they're caused by the very medications meant to help you feel better. It's almost like the pain meds didn't get the memo! But don't worry, managing medication-induced headaches is possible with the right approach. Let's explore what you can do to keep your head clear and pain-free.

Common Culprits:

• Birth control pills

• Blood pressure medications (e.g., enalapril, ramipril,...)

• Anti pain (e.g., ibuprofen, aspirin,...)

• Nitrates (e.g., isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate)

Management Tips:

• Stay Hydrated: Dehydration can worsen headaches, so drink plenty of water.

• Rest in a Dark, Quiet Room: This can help alleviate headache symptoms.

• Use Over-the-Counter Pain Relievers: Medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help manage headaches, but always consult your doctor before combining medications.

• Apply a Cold or Warm Compress: Placing a cold pack or warm towel on your forehead can provide relief.

• Consult Your Doctor: If headaches are severe or persistent, ask your doctor about adjusting your medication or additional treatments.

6. Diarrhea

Diarrhea is an unpleasant and often embarrassing side effect that can come with certain medications. While it’s definitely inconvenient, it’s also a common issue that many people experience. The key is knowing how to manage it effectively so it doesn't disrupt your day-to-day life. Let's talk about some practical tips to keep things under control.

Common Culprits:

• Antibiotics

• Metformin (a diabetes medication)

• Chemotherapy drugs

Management Tips:

• Stay Hydrated: Drink fluids with electrolytes, such as oral rehydration solutions, to prevent dehydration.

• Eat a Bland Diet: Stick to bland foods like bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast (the BRAT diet).

• Avoid Dairy and Fatty Foods: These can worsen diarrhea symptoms.

• Use Over-the-Counter Medications: Antidiarrheal medications like loperamide can help, but consult your doctor first.

• Consult Your Doctor: If diarrhea persists for more than a couple of days, seek medical advice.

Final Thoughts

While side effects from prescription medications can be challenging, they are often manageable with the right strategies. Always communicate with your healthcare provider about any side effects you experience. They can provide guidance, adjust your medication, or suggest alternative treatments to help you manage side effects effectively.

By understanding and managing side effects, you can improve your overall treatment experience and maintain a better quality of life while on prescription medications.